Enabling cycling at the home side or at the activity side of transit trips has been recognized as a promising solution to address transit network discrepancies and enhance connectivity between residents and employment opportunities. We have developed a tool to support urban planners in identifying the best locations for cycling infrastructure and to foster synergies between cycling and transit. Dive into our visual data story for more details!

We investigate the evolution of residential segregation patterns in the Netherlands, with a focus on the population with a non-western migration background. We track the evolution of social enclaves in 82 municipalities from 2015 to 2020. We find a notable convergence in segregation patterns. In cities with historically homogeneous social enclaves, such as those located within the Randstad as well as other larger cities, these enclaves are becoming more mixed, while in other cities, they tend to become more homogeneous. Furthermore, the growth of the non-western migration background population correlates with the spatial expansion of social enclaves, rather than an increase in their homogeneity.

This work proposes a method to characterize residential segregation patterns along three dimensions: intensity, separation, and scale. These dimensions designate respectively the over-representation of a group in segregated regions, the proportion of people from that group living in these regions, and the spatial extent of these regions. We apply the method to all Dutch municipalities, to study segregation along migration background. Our results demonstrate that no single segregation pattern prevails in the Netherlands: Dutch municipalities express very diverse combinations of intensity, separation, and scale. We then explore the relation between segregation patterns and municipality characteristics. We show that segregation intensity and separation associate with municipality size, income inequality, and share of the group of interest in the municipality population.